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Diabetes Mellitus: Causes and Treatment Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. It is a life-long condition that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body becomes resistant to insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels. Without enough insulin, the sugar remains in the bloodstream, causing high blood sugar levels. There are two types of Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body’s immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. It usually develops in children and young adults, and it requires insulin injections or an insulin pump to manage blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is more common and occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. It usually develops in adults, but it is becoming more common in children and adolescents due to the increasing prevalence of obesity. The causes of Type 2 diabetes are not entirely known, but several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing the condition. These include being overweight or obese, having a sedentary lifestyle, having a family history of diabetes, and belonging to certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asians. The most common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, excessive thirst, increased hunger, blurry vision, and fatigue. However, some people may have no symptoms, especially in the early stages of the disease. The treatment for diabetes involves managing blood sugar levels, which can be done through lifestyle changes, medication, and, for Type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy. Lifestyle changes include eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and avoiding smoking and excessive drinking. Medications can help lower blood sugar levels, such as metformin, sulfonylureas, and meglitinides. Hb A1c and the risk of developing complications in Type 2 diabetes Hb A1c is a blood test that measures the average blood sugar level over the past two to three months. It gives an indication of how well the blood sugar is controlled over time. In people with Type 2 diabetes, high Hb A1c levels increase the risk of developing complications such as kidney disease, neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, and blindness. The American Diabetes Association recommends that people with Type 2 diabetes should aim for an Hb A1c level below 7%. However, the target may vary depending on age, duration of diabetes, and other medical conditions. Managing Hb A1c levels requires a multi-faceted approach that involves diet, exercise, medication, and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels. A healthy diet should include a variety of foods with a focus on complex carbohydrates, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Regular exercise can help improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Medications, such as metformin, can help lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing complications. In conclusion, Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It requires ongoing management of blood sugar levels to prevent complications. Hb A1c is a valuable tool to monitor blood sugar control over time and reduce the risk of developing complications. With proper treatment and management, people with diabetes can live healthy and fulfilling lives.
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Type 2 Diabetes - Intro - Medivizor
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Hb A1c And The Risk Of Developing Complications In Type 2 Diabetes
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Diabetes Mellitus: Causes And Treatment – Healthsoul
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Diagnosis Of Type 2 Diabetes - YouTube
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